Revenue Terms

Land disputes arise when two or more parties claim ownership, usage rights, or boundaries over a particular piece of land. These conflicts can stem from various reasons, including inheritance issues, unclear property titles, government acquisitions, or encroachments. A lack of proper documentation often exacerbates such disputes, leading to prolonged legal battles. In many cases, land …

Understanding Land Disputes – Causes & Resolutions Read More »

Land records are crucial for property ownership, agricultural management, and legal clarity in Pakistan. They serve as official documents that help establish rightful ownership, track cultivation details, and resolve disputes.  Among these, Jamabandi and Khasra Girdawari are two significant records maintained by revenue authorities. While both are essential, they serve different purposes. Understanding their differences …

Difference Between Jamabandi and Khasra Girdawari Read More »

Land revenue refers to the tax or levy imposed by the government on landowners for owning or using land. It serves as one of the oldest forms of taxation and has played a crucial role in funding public administration, infrastructure, and community development. Historically, land revenue was the backbone of many ancient and medieval economies, …

What is Land Revenue and How It Is Collected? Read More »

Survey marks are indispensable tools in land revenue systems, serving as physical indicators that define property boundaries and territorial divisions. These markers, often made of durable materials such as concrete, metal, or stone, are strategically placed during land surveys to establish precise points of reference.  They are foundational to maintaining order in land ownership, aiding …

Survey Marks in Land Revenue: Purpose & Importance Read More »

Village officers, deeply embedded in the rural fabric, play a pivotal role in maintaining order, ensuring fairness, and preserving records in rural communities.  These officers—Numberdar, Patwari, Qanungo, and Patadar—represent a structured hierarchy of responsibilities that date back to historical times. Their functions bridge the gap between administrative authorities and local villagers, forming the backbone of …

Village Officers: Numberdar, Patwari, Qanungo, Patadar Read More »

Khasra Girdawari is a fundamental component of Pakistan’s land revenue system. At its core, it is a detailed agricultural record maintained by local revenue officials.  This document reflects the cultivation status of agricultural land, detailing the crops sown, ownership details, and tenancy agreements.  Its origins can be traced back to the Mughal and British colonial …

What is Khasra Girdawari in Land Revenue Pakistan Read More »

A Revenue Officer is a pivotal figure in Pakistan’s administrative framework, serving as the linchpin in revenue collection and land management.  These individuals uphold the economic backbone of the country by ensuring compliance with tax laws and maintaining order in land revenue matters. Their role is multifaceted, blending administrative acumen with judicial authority. Understanding the …

Revenue Officer in Pakistan: Role & Duties Explained Read More »

The Qanungo holds a pivotal role in the revenue administration of Pakistan, bridging traditional practices with modern governance. As an officer entrusted with overseeing and maintaining land records, the Qanungo serves as the custodian of historical and current revenue documentation. This position is integral to ensuring the smooth functioning of Pakistan’s agricultural economy and land …

Who Is Qanungo in Revenue Pakistan and His Key Duties Read More »